Over the past few decades, Floating Production Storage and Offloading units (FPSOs) have revolutionised offshore oil and gas operations. These versatile vessels combine production, processing, storage, and offloading capabilities in a single floating unit, enabling the extraction of hydrocarbons from deepwater or remote fields where traditional fixed platforms or pipeline infrastructure would be impractical or uneconomical.
Their ability to be redeployed to different fields once a project concludes makes them a highly cost-effective and flexible solution for energy companies worldwide. This is how FPSOs are powering offshore exploration – by unlocking reserves in challenging environments and helping operators respond quickly to shifting market dynamics.
In this blog, we will explore the global growth of FPSOs, highlight regions where they are most prolific, and explain how Special Piping Materials plays a vital role in supporting their construction and operation.
Why FPSOs Are Essential
- Flexible Deployment and Redeployment: FPSOs can be rapidly deployed in frontier offshore areas and moved elsewhere after a field’s life, providing economic benefits for marginal developments.
- No Pipeline Infrastructure Needed: In regions without subsea pipelines, like West Africa, Southeast Asia, and even some North Sea waters, FPSOs enable production without massive infrastructure investment.
- Deepwater Capability: New-generation FPSOs are built or converted to safely operate in ultra-deepwater, sometimes beyond 1,500 m, handling production, processing, storing, and offloading on a single vessel.
- Cost Efficiency: Though new-build FPSOs can cost up to US\$1 billion, their design modularity, redeployment potential, and conversion alternatives (under US\$100 million) make them financially attractive.
FPSO Growth: A Global Wave
- – Expanding Fleet Numbers: From 2016–2020, the global FPSO fleet peaked at 195–200 units. Today, around 183 remain active or available. Of the 166 actively deployed units, roughly 58% stem from tanker conversions, 34% are purpose‑built new builds, and 8% are redeployments.
- – Surge in New-Builds: In the 1990s, European shipyards, especially in Spain and the UK, led FPSO construction. Since then, construction has shifted to Asian yards in Singapore and South Korea. Modern FPSOs now feature topsides weighing nearly 40,000 tonnes. Major yards, including SBM Offshore, MODEC, and BWO, are scaling up new-build programmes.
- – Market Growth & Focus: The FPSO market was valued at US\$23 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach US\$33.3 billion by 2029 (CAGR \~6.3%). Key drivers include marginal field developments, lease-based deployment models, and deepwater extraction needs ([GlobeNewswire][7]).
Regional Highlights in how FPSOs are powering offshore
FPSOs are seeing widespread adoption across the globe, with certain regions emerging as key hubs for development and deployment. Below are some of the most active and strategically important areas where FPSOs are powering offshore exploration.
- – West Africa continues to deploy FPSOs for offshore fields.
- – Latin America, especially Brazil, hosts multiple FPSO operations.
- – Southeast Asia is seeing fresh interest: Upstream reports that contenders are nearing final bids for a major – FPSO contract in Indonesia’s Tangkulo field.
- – Southeast Asia’s capital yard, Seatrium in Singapore, recently secured S\$11 billion for two P‑84/P‑85 FPSOs for Brazil’s Petrobras, each with 225,000 bpd capacity, due for 2029 delivery.
Special Piping Materials: Critical Partner to FPSO Construction
Building or refurbishing an FPSO demands precision-engineered piping systems capable of handling high pressure, corrosive fluids, extreme temperatures, and marine conditions. Special Piping Materials (SPM) plays a pivotal role in delivering these essential components:
- – Clad & corrosion-resistant piping: Fabricated to endure sour gas and seawater exposure.
- – High-pressure flanges & forged fittings: Engineered for safety-critical risers, subsea tie-ins, and topside processing systems.
- – Customised builds: Tailored spools and skids fabricated off-site reducing installation time and offshore risk.
- – Technical support: From material selection to testing and certification, ensuring compliance with DNV‑STD and ISO standards.
- – Timely delivery: Through our UK hubs in Manchester and Aberdeen, enabling efficient logistics to yards in Asia or yards worldwide.
The Future of FPSOs: Green, Digital, and Resilient
- Emissions reduction. New units like Agogo cut carbon emissions by \~27% vs older vessels
- Modular design. Cutting costs and boosting construction efficiency.
- Repurposing older units. Redeployment extends life cycles, though legacy FPSOs carry risks.
- Digitalisation & safety upgrades. Integrating real-time monitoring, condition-based maintenance, and advanced materials will enhance reliability.
Why Choose Special Piping Materials for your next FPSO project?
- – Proven track record: Decades of experience in delivering to FPSOs globally.
- – Technical excellence: Materials certified to offshore standards; precision fabrications for subsea/topsides.
- – Global logistics support: UK-based Manchester and Aberdeen hubs coordinate fabrication and shipping worldwide.
- – Future-ready: Materials suitable for CO₂, H₂ and low-carbon FPSO projects under sustainability transition.
FPSOs are central to deepwater and remote offshore developments – from West Africa and Brazil to Southeast Asia and the North Sea. Their flexible, redeployable nature, coupled with rising global demand, means the fleet remains strong and expanding.
Special Piping Materials stands ready to support this wave – offering bespoke forged fittings, high-pressure spools, clad pipes, and expert fabrication across international FPSO programmes. Whether building new or upgrading existing units, SPM delivers quality, compliance, and efficiency – ensuring offshore operators can focus on performance, safety, and sustainability.
For your upcoming FPSO project, whether that be new build, conversion, or life extension, get in touch with our Manchester or Aberdeen teams. We’ll help deliver the pipework that keeps your assets afloat.